Wednesday, July 31, 2013

In What Language were the Gospels Written?

So many candidates have been proposed, Greek, Hebrew, Aramaic, even Latin, but none of these are logical.   This is not to say that parts may not have been written in this or that, but Matthew and Mark definitely retain idioms and even transliterated words and mistranslations from the editors that reveal the truth underlying.  In the process, we will reveal the simple meaning behind some cryptic verses which are usually passed over and conceded to the realm of mystery in Bible study, or else given some fanciful interpretation.  The words themselves, in context, are pretty clear.

It is important to understand that the vast majority of the teachings in the gospel did not originate there.  They are the Jewish parables and teachings of that time, often in the same wording and context as they are brought forth in the Talmud.  We will discuss the history of the Talmud, what it is and how it came to be written, and why it is so important.

And the language of the Talmud is, in fact, the language of the gospels.  The Talmud was written in its own vernacular, known as Talmud language or "Gemara Lashon".  It is mostly Aramaic mixed with Hebrew, but it has its own expressions, idioms, and borrow words from many other languages, like Greek and Latin.  The result is a dialect that can explain Biblical phrases in a modern frame of reference, while not losing anything to unnecessary translation.  In our own times, Jews who lived in Germany developed almost precisely the same type of language, using German with Hebrew as a base, with a liberal mix of Russian, Polish and others.  This language is known as "Jewish" or "Judisch" (pronounced "Yiddish"), and it is truly distinct from German, just as Gemara Lashon is distinct from Aramaic.  Similarly, in Spain, they adopted a Spanish Jewish dialect, called Ladino, which is still used in the Arabic world, where the Spanish Jews fled during the Crusades and Middle Ages.

Many phrases in the gospels are uniquely Talmud Language.  "If one calls his friend "Raca" (a Talmud Language pejorative) ... "Talitha kumi" (Girl, arise!, One word being Aramaic, the other Hebrew, but both standard in Talmud Language.)  "Let the dead bury their own dead."  And how can the dead bury their own dead?  Rather, the context makes clear that similar terms "m'thei" (people of the city) and "maithai" (the dead) were confused.  he means that if one's father died, rather than delay his ministry even for this important commitment of burying his father, his priority should rather be to pursue his ministry and leave it to the people of the city to bury his father, as they are obligated to any who has no one to bury him.  I.e. Let the people of the city bury their dead.  The word confusion only works in Talmud language.

Throughout the gospels, it is clear that this is the primary language used.  As such, it is easy to understand words like "holy spirit", "son of man", "son of G-d", "Satan", and so many others, as they already have well established meanings.

So without further ado, we attack the next subject.  It will interest you to know that the Jews did NOT, I repeat did NOT kill Jesus, nor were they accessory to killing him, nor were they his enemies.  You need to absorb that before you read on, since it may run counter to a lifetime of learning.  That misconception was based on the over generalization in John, i.e. "the Jews", however it is clear from the other gospels and from John as well who the culprits were. Nor will this next point require creative blame shifting or anything else, only a fundamental understanding of the words of the gospels before us.  The culture and politics of "the Jews" at that time is not well understood among Christian clergy. nor among modern Jews, even learned Rabbis since it is so different that what we have today.  The empowered court, the Temple culture, the Roman occupation are all factors that are foreign to us today.  The facts that I will bring you are all right there, staring you in the face for the last 1500 years.

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